The Compromise of 1850 was what finally tipped the balance of slave states to non slave states after many years, when California officially entered the state do to its booming gold rush and people moving there by the thousand to get a shot at the riches. The Compromise of 1850 had five major points to it.
1. Texas's present day borders are made in exchange for paid off debt to Mexico.
2. Land formerly claimed by Texas is made into New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, and Nevada.
3. Slavery was abolished in D.C.
4. California entered as a free state.
5. Fugitive slave act passed.
The things that led to the passage of the Compromise of 1850 included the gold rush in California, and what happened afterwards was more anger in the south because the balance of free and slave states was thrown off. The overall idea of the act was that of Henry Clay.
Georgia's platform among all of the rage and anger in the south during this time is credited for saving the union for a little while longer. What Georgia basically said was that in exchange for continuing to honor the fugitive slave act, which required slaves to be returned to the south if found in northern states, because it was being contested by the north, the southern states would stay in the Union as long as it was honored. Many tensions led to this including when South Carolina threatened to secede, and later did, and it led to the preservation of the Union for a few more years, because congress consented.
Negotiations of the Compromise of 1850
http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Compromise1850.html (info and picture)
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